So far, physics has provided explanations for enormous observations in the form of equations containing some physical quantities and constants. Particularly, the Quantum Field Theory is claimed to be the theory of everything. The modern physics more or less describes the behaviour of electromagnetic waves, sub-atomic particles collision, properties of elements, details of chemical and nuclear reactions, mechanics of complex systems, the precise location of planets, the life cycle of stars and many other phenomena. It has also been claimed that physics will be able to predict complex behaviour of biological systems. However, regardless of the veracity of physical theories in their descriptions and regardless of the claims which are hoped to be proven in future, it has never provided any reason for why its rules are what we see.
As an example in a very simple case, the fall of an object is well explained by the law of gravity or more precisely by quantum field theory. The reason that an object falls is simply said to be attraction due to gravity force between two masses (object and Earth) or in modern physics it is related to the distortion of space-time. But none of them answers why the fall happens. Why masses put force to each other or distort space-time?
This is the case for any other observation at any level such as acceleration due to force, repulsion of like charges and increase of mass due to speed (Einstein’s Relativity). Also, the reason for the impossibility of having certainty in quantum scale or in fact “impossibility of observation” which is a fundamental principle known as the Heisenberg’s uncertainty has no justification. There is simply no reason for why the scientific rules/ principles are what they are.
Science also fails to give the reason for why the constants in the scientific rules are what they are. For example speed of light is 299792458 m/s. Science cannot say why it is not some other number.
Not only science has not ever described any of the rules basically, but also there is no outlook for the future to find the answers. No scheme can say how the science will someday describe the rules from their base. While science seems to have touched every horizon of the universe, the very elementary questions of its base elude the human reach.
Looking at a sandy land with some dents on it, one can consider that the dents have been formed as a result of some force on the surface of the ground. By noticing shoes, it is understood that the dents are the footprints of shoes and it becomes clear why the dent points are located beside each other and form specific shapes. However, without taking notice of a person with “will” and “decision”, who has stepped on the land and has chosen to foot on specific locations, it would be impossible to explain why the dents are in the places that they are and not the other places.
The answer to the most principal questions are simply outside the territory of science and are a proof that science is not everything. The most underlying theories of science are not the underlying principles of the universe. There must be some entity beyond the material, energy and scientific rules that all of them acquire their meaning from it. There must be a god (or gods) that defines the base of everything including rules and fundamental constants.
More readings
1. Stephen M. Barr, Does Quantum Physics Make it Easier to Believe in God?, https://www.bigquestionsonline.com/2012/07/10/does-quantum-physics-make-easier-believe-god/